Section 15, Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 [S10-6F4]
As at 7 September 2026. In force from 1 July 2017 by Notification No. 9/2017-Central Tax, dated 28-6-2017 [N10-27X].
(1) The value of a supply of goods or services or both shall be the transaction value, which is the price actually paid or payable for the said supply of goods or services or both where the supplier and the recipient of the supply are not related and the price is the sole consideration for the supply.
(2) The value of supply shall include-
(a) any taxes, duties, cesses, fees and charges levied under any law for the time being in force other than this Act, the State Goods and Services Tax Act, the Union Territory Goods and Services Tax Act and the Goods and Services Tax (Compensation to States) Act, if charged separately by the supplier;
(b) any amount that the supplier is liable to pay in relation to such supply but which has been incurred by the recipient of the supply and not included in the price actually paid or payable for the goods or services or both;
(c) incidental expenses, including commission and packing, charged by the supplier to the recipient of a supply and any amount charged for anything done by the supplier in respect of the supply of goods or services or both at the time of, or before delivery of goods or supply of services;
(d) interest or late fee or penalty for delayed payment of any consideration for any supply; and
(e) subsidies directly linked to the price excluding subsidies provided by the Central Government and State Governments.
Explanation.-For the purposes of this sub-section, the amount of subsidy shall be included in the value of supply of the supplier who receives the subsidy.
(3) The value of the supply shall not include any discount which is given-
(a) before or at the time of the supply if such discount has been duly recorded in the invoice issued in respect of such supply; and
(b) after the supply has been effected, if for such discount, a credit note has been issued by the supplier and input tax credit as is attributable to such discount has been reversed by the recipient of the supply, in accordance with the provisions of section 34.
(i) such discount is established in terms of an agreement entered into at or before the time of such supply and specifically linked to relevant invoices; and
(ii) input tax credit as is attributable to the discount on the basis of document issued by the supplier has been reversed by the recipient of the supply.
(4) where the value of the supply of goods or services or both cannot be determined under sub-section (1), the same shall be determined in such manner as may be prescribed.
(5) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1) or sub-section (4), the value of such supplies as may be notified by the Government on the recommendations of the Council shall be determined in such manner as may be prescribed.
Explanation. - For the purposes of this Act,-
(a) persons shall be deemed to be "related persons" if-
(i) such persons are officers or directors of one another's businesses;
(ii) such persons are legally recognised partners in business;
(iii) such persons are employer and employee;
(iv) any person directly or indirectly owns, controls or holds twenty-five per cent. or more of the outstanding voting stock or shares of both of them;
(v) one of them directly or indirectly controls the other;
(vi) both of them are directly or indirectly controlled by a third person;
(vii) together they directly or indirectly control a third person; or
(viii) they are members of the same family;
(b) the term "person" also includes legal persons;
(c) persons who are associated in the business of one another in that one is the sole agent or sole distributor or sole concessionaire, howsoever described, of the other, shall be deemed to be related.
Defined terms in this text (18)
act: Section 3, General Clauses Act, 1897 [S100SN] (In this Act, and in all Central Acts and Regulations made after the commencement of this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context): (2) "act", used with reference to an offence or a civil wrong, shall include a series of acts, and words which refer to acts done extend also to illegal omissions;
act: 363 more definitions.
business: Section 2(17), Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017: "business" includes - (a) any trade, commerce, manufacture, profession, vocation, adventure, wager or any other similar activity, whether or not it is for a pecuniary benefit; (b) any activity or transaction in connection with or incidental or ancillary to sub-clause (a); (c) any activity or transaction in the nature of sub-clause (a), whether or not there is volume, frequency, continuity or regularity of such transaction; (d) supply or acquisition of goods including capital goods and services in connection with commencement or closure of business; (e) provision by a club, association, society, or any such body (for a subscription or any other consideration) of the facilities or benefits to its members; (f) admission, for a consideration, of persons to any premises; (g) services supplied by a person as the holder of an office which has been accepted by him in the course or furtherance of his trade, profession or vocation; (h) activities of a race club including by way of totalisator or a license to book maker or activities of a licensed book maker in such club; and (i) any activity or transaction undertaken by the Central Government, a State Government or any local authority in which they are engaged as public authorities;
business: 13 more definitions.
Central Government: Section 3, General Clauses Act, 1897 [S100SN] (In this Act, and in all Central Acts and Regulations made after the commencement of this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context): (8) "Central Government" shall,(a)in relation to anything done before the commencement of the Constitution, mean the Governor-General or the Governor-General in Council, as the case may be; and shall include,(i)in relation to functions entrusted under sub-section (1) of section 124 of the Government of India Act, 1935, to the Government of a Province, the Provincial Government acting within the scope of the authority given to it under that sub-section; and(ii)in relation to the administration of a Chief Commissioners Province, the Chief Commissioner acting within the scope of the authority given to him under sub-section (3) of section 94 of the said Act; and(b)in relation to anything done or to be done after the commencement of the Constitution, mean the President; and shall include,(i)in relation to functions entrusted under clause (1) of article 258 of the Constitution, to the Government of a State, the State Government acting within the scope of the authority given to it under that clause; * The word "and" omitted by the Adaptation of Laws(No.1) Order, 1956.(ii)in relation to the administration of a Part C State before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, the Chief Commissioner or the Lieutenant-Governor or the Government of a neighbouring State or other authority acting within the scope of the authority given to him or it under article 239 or article 243 of the Constitution, as the case may be;]and(iii)in relation to the administration of a Union territory, the administrator thereof acting within the scope of the authority given to him under article 239 of the Constitution;
consideration: Section 2(31), Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017: "consideration" in relation to the supply of goods or services or both includes- (a) any payment made or to be made, whether in money or otherwise, in respect of, in response to, or for the inducement of, the supply of goods or services or both, whether by the recipient or by any other person but shall not include any subsidy given by the Central Government or a State Government; (b) the monetary value of any act or forbearance, in respect of, in response to, or for the inducement of, the supply of goods or services or both, whether by the recipient or by any other person but shall not include any subsidy given by the Central Government or a State Government: Provided that a deposit given in respect of the supply of goods or services or both shall not be considered as payment made for such supply unless the supplier applies such deposit as consideration for the said supply;
document: Section 3, General Clauses Act, 1897 [S100SN] (In this Act, and in all Central Acts and Regulations made after the commencement of this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context): "document" shall include any matter written, expressed or described upon any substance by means of letters, figures or marks, or by more than one of those means which is intended to be used, or which may be used, for the purpose of recording that matter
employee: Section 2(f), EPF Act: "employee" means any person who is employed for wages in any kind of work, manual or otherwise, in or in connection with the work of an establishment, and who gets, his wages directly or indirectly from the employer, and includes any person, - (i) employed by or through a contractor in or in connection with the work of the establishment; (ii) engaged as an apprentice, not being an apprentice engaged under the Apprentices Act, 1961 (52 of 1961), or under the standing orders of the establishment;
employee: Section 2(e), Gratuity Act: "employee" means any person (other than an apprentice) who is employed for wages, whether the terms of such employment are express or implied, in any kind of work, manual or otherwise, in or in connection with the work of a factory, mine, oilfield, plantation, port, railway company, shop or other establishment to which this Act applies, but does not include any such person who holds a post under the Central Government or a State Government and is governed by any other Act or by any rules providing for payment of gratuity;
employee: Section 2(k), Wages Code: "employee" means, any person (other than an apprentice engaged under the Apprentices Act, 1961 (52 of 1961)), employed on wages by an establishment to do any skilled, semi-skilled or unskilled, manual, operational, supervisory, managerial, administrative, technical or clerical work for hire or reward, whether the terms of employment be express or implied, and also includes a person declared to be an employee by the appropriate Government, but does not include any member of the Armed Forces of the Union;
employee: 5 more definitions.
employer: Section 2(l), Wages Code: "employer" means a person who employs, whether directly or through any person, or on his behalf or on behalf of any person, one or more employees in his establishment and where the establishment is carried on by any department of the Central Government or the State Government, the authority specified, by the head of such department, in this behalf or where no authority, is so specified the head of the department and in relation to an establishment carried on by a local authority, the chief executive of that authority, and includes, - (i) in relation to an establishment which is a factory, the occupier of the factory as defined in clause (n) of section 2 of the Factories Act, 1948 (63 of 1948) and, where a person has been named as a manager of the factory under clause (f) of sub-section (1) of section 7 of the said Act, the person so named; (ii) in relation to any other establishment, the person who, or the authority which, has ultimate control over the affairs of the establishment and where the said affairs is entrusted to a manager or managing director, such manager or managing director; (iii) contractor; and (iv) legal representative of a deceased employer;
employer: Section 2, Bengal Bonded Warehouse Association Act, 1838 [S10R57] (In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,—): "employer" means the person who has ultimate control over the affairs of the establishment
employer: Section 2, Bengal Bonded Warehouse Association Act, 1854 [S11KRS] (In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,—): "employer" means the person who has ultimate control over the affairs of the establishment
employer: 16 more definitions.
goods: Section 2, Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 [S1061R] (In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires): "goods" means every kind of movable property other than money and securities but includes actionable claim, growing crops, grass and things attached to or forming part of the land which are agreed to be severed before supply or under a contract of supply
goods: 38 more definitions.
Government: Section 3, General Clauses Act, 1897 [S100SN] (In this Act, and in all Central Acts and Regulations made after the commencement of this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context): (23) "Government" or the Government shall include both the Central Government and any State Government;
input tax credit: Section 2(63), Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017: "input tax credit" means the credit of input tax;
person: Section 3, General Clauses Act, 1897 [S100SN] (In this Act, and in all Central Acts and Regulations made after the commencement of this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context): "person" shall include any company or association or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not
person: 1 more definition.
recipient: Section 2(93), Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017: "recipient" of supply of goods or services or both, means— (a) where a consideration is payable for the supply of goods or services or both, the person who is liable to pay that consideration; (b) where no consideration is payable for the supply of goods, the person to whom the goods are delivered or made available, or to whom possession or use of the goods is given or made available; and (c) where no consideration is payable for the supply of a service, the person to whom the service is rendered, and any reference to a person to whom a supply is made shall be construed as a reference to the recipient of the supply and shall include an agent acting as such on behalf of the recipient in relation to the goods or services or both supplied;
section: Section 3, General Clauses Act, 1897 [S100SN] (In this Act, and in all Central Acts and Regulations made after the commencement of this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context): (54) "section" shall mean a section of the Act or Regulation in which the word occurs;
section: 363 more definitions.
State: Section 3, General Clauses Act, 1897 [S100SN] (In this Act, and in all Central Acts and Regulations made after the commencement of this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context): (58) "State"(a)as respects any period before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, shall mean a Part A State, a Part B State or a Part C State; and(b)as respects any period after such commencement, shall mean a State specified in the First Schedule to the Constitution and shall include a Union territory;](59)State Act shall mean an Act passed by the Legislature of a State established or continued by the Constitution;
sub-section: Section 3, General Clauses Act, 1897 [S100SN] (In this Act, and in all Central Acts and Regulations made after the commencement of this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context): (61) "sub-section" shall mean a sub-section of the section in which the word occurs;
supplier: Section 2(105), Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017: "supplier" in relation to any goods or services or both, shall mean the person supplying the said goods or services or both and shall include an agent acting as such on behalf of such supplier in relation to the goods or services or both supplied; Provided that a person who organises or arranges, directly or indirectly, supply of specified actionable claims, including a person who owns, operates or manages digital or electronic platform for such supply, shall be deemed to be a supplier of such actionable claims, whether such actionable claims are supplied by him or through him and whether consideration in money or money's worth, including virtual digital assets, for supply of such actionable claims is paid or conveyed to him or through him or placed at his disposal in any manner, and all the provisions of this Act shall apply to such supplier of specified actionable claims, as if he is the supplier liable to pay the tax in relation to the supply of such actionable claims.
supply: Section 7(1), Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017: "For the purposes of this Act, the expression - "supply" includes- (a) all forms of supply of goods or services or both such as sale, transfer, barter, exchange, licence, rental, lease or disposal made or agreed to be made for a consideration by a person in the course or furtherance of business; (aa) the activities or transactions, by a person, other than an individual, to its members or constituents or vice-versa, for cash, deferred payment or other valuable consideration. Explanation.-For the purposes of this clause, it is hereby clarified that, notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force or any judgment, decree or order of any Court, tribunal or authority, the person and its members or constituents shall be deemed to be two separate persons and the supply of activities or transactions inter se shall be deemed to take place from one such person to another; (b) import of services for a consideration whether or not in the course or furtherance of business; and (c) the activities specified in Schedule I, made or agreed to be made without a consideration."
value: Section 2(41), Customs Act, 1962: "value", in relation to any goods, means the value thereof determined in accordance with the provisions of sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) of section 14;
Made under this section, or naming it (94)
Notification No. 19/2025-Central Tax [N11-71D], 31 December 2025, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (5) of section 15 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Government, on the recommendations of the Council"
Notification No. 49/2023-Central Tax [N11-1EB], 29 September 2023, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred under sub-section (5) of section 15 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Government, on the recommendations of the Council, notifies the following supplies under the said sub-section, namely:—"
Notification No. 1/2018-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-96P], 25 January 2018, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 9, sub- section (1) of section 11,sub-section (5) of section 15 and sub-section (1) of section 16 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on the recommendations of the Council, and on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do"
Notification No. 01/2023-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-YQ7], 28 February 2023, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-sections (3) and (4) of section 9, sub-section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and section 148 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, on the recommendations of the Council"
Notification No. 02/2020-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-NXT], 26 March 2020, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1), (3) and sub-section (4) of section 9, sub-section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and section 148 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, on the recommendations of the Council"
Notification No. 04/2022-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-XAM], 13 July 2022, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-sections (3) and (4) of section 9, sub- section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and section 148 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, on the recommendations of the Council"
Notification No. 05/2020-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-QYM], 16 October 2020, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-sections (3) and (4) of section 9, sub-section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and section 148 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, on the recommendations of the Council"
Notification No. 05/2025-Central Tax (Rate) [N11-56B], 16 January 2025, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-sections (1), (3), and (4) of section 9, sub-section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and section 148 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, on the recommendations of the Council"
Notification No. 06/2025-Central Tax (Rate) [N11-59N], 16 January 2025, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-sections (3) and (4) of section 9, sub-section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and section 148 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, on the recommendations of the Council"
Notification No. 07/2021-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-TVF], 30 September 2021, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-sections (3) and (4) of section 9, sub-section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and section 148 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, on the recommendations of the Council"
Notification No. 07/2023-Central Tax (Rate) [N11-083], 26 July 2023, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-sections (3) and (4) of section 9, sub-section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and section 148 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, on the recommendations of the Council"
Notification No. 08/2024-Central Tax (Rate) [N11-427], 8 October 2024, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-sections (3) and (4) of section 9, sub-section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and section 148 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, on the recommendations of the Council"
Notification No. 11/2017-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-0RE], 28 June 2017, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 9, sub- section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and sub-section (1) of section 16 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on the recommendations of the Council, and on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do"
Notification No. 13/2018-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-BD8], 26 July 2018, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 9, sub- section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and sub-section (1) of section 16 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on the recommendations of the Council, and on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do"
Notification No. 13/2023-Central Tax (Rate) [N11-1KM], 19 October 2023, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-sections (3) and (4) of section 9, sub-section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and section 148 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, on the recommendations of the Council"
Notification No. 15/2022-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-YJD], 30 December 2022, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-sections (3) and (4) of section 9, sub-section (1) and (3) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and section 148 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, on the recommendations of the Council"
Notification No. 16/2021-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-VD2], 18 November 2021, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-sections (3) and (4) of section 9, sub-section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and section 148 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, on the recommendations of the Council"
Notification No. 16/2025-Central Tax (Rate) [N11-6EQ], 17 September 2025, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-sections (3) and (4) of section 9, sub-section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and section 148 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, on the recommendations of the Council"
Notification No. 20/2017-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-43D], 22 August 2017, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 9, sub- section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and sub-section (1) of section 16 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on the recommendations of the Council, and on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do"
Notification No. 24/2017-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-4WP], 21 September 2017, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 9, sub- section (1) of section 11,sub-section (5) of section 15 and sub-section (1) of section 16 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on the recommendations of the Council, and on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do"
Notification No. 27/2018-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-E4E], 31 December 2018, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 9, sub- section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and sub-section (1) of section 16 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on the recommendations of the Council, and on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do"
Notification No. 28/2019-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-MK2], 31 December 2019, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (3) and sub-section (4) of section 9, sub-section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and section 148 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, on the recommendations of the Council"
Notification No. 31/2017-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-5TY], 13 October 2017, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 9, sub- section (1) of section 11,sub-section (5) of section 15 and sub-section (1) of section 16 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on the recommendations of the Council, and on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do"
Notification No. 46/2017-Central Tax (Rate) [N10-7VM], 14 November 2017, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 9, sub- section (1) of section 11, sub-section (5) of section 15 and sub-section (1) of section 16 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on the recommendations of the Council, and on being satisfied that it is necessary in the public interest so to do"
Notification No. 14/2025-Integrated Tax (Rate) [N11-68V], 17 September 2025, in force. Recital: "In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 5 the Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (13 of 2017) read with sub-section (5) of section 15 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (12 of 2017), the Central Government, on the recommendations of the Council"
Cited by (7)
Section 18, Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 [S10-6JV], 12 April 2017, Band A. "section 15".
Section 29, Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 [S10-6X5], 12 April 2017, Band A. "section 15".
Section 9, Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 [S10-68A], 12 April 2017, Band A. "section 15".
Rule 138, Central Goods and Services Tax Rules, 2017 [S10-J9J], 19 June 2017, Band A. "section 15,".
Rule 31, Central Goods and Services Tax Rules, 2017 [S10-DWE], 19 June 2017, Band A. "section 15".
Rule 32A, Central Goods and Services Tax Rules, 2017 [S10-E2V], 19 June 2017, Band A. "section 15".
Rule 37, Central Goods and Services Tax Rules, 2017 [S10-E7H], 19 June 2017, Band A. "section 15".
Not held (0)
none
Duties published under this section (0)
none